The following modules perform special procedures required to perform processing of VSP data.
Along with all these models, Geocluster modules are used for signal processing: selection of a signal with the noise on the background.

AZIMUТ

This module rotates axes of the two horizontal orthogonal component borehole seismic data while the device is not set.

The module sets the angle of rotation in a horizontal plane within a predetermined gate for issuing route X, transverse component with maximum energy, and Y – radial component with minimal energy, orthogonal X.

BHPLA

Polarization analysis due to multi-component VSP data. Linearity factor,and two angles of the largest principal axis (azimuth, angle of incidence).are calculated from the covariants of the running window.

DEVIA

Calculation of downhole coordinates. Data dependence about the inclination of the well, the program calculates the relative coordinates corresponding to seismic observations.

INVSP

Modeling and Inversion of the angled seismic profile.

BHEAD

Two-dimensional depth migration according to Kirchhoff for VSP data. BHEAD module is intended for two-dimensional scalar depth migration of VSP data. It is based on the generalized Kirchhoff integral, which means that the module can be applied to data acquired using any observing systems encountered in practice. Information is needed about the seismic velocities in the studied section same way as it works for other migration programs.

PSSEP

The module is designed for the separation of P- and S-waves on the apparent velocity

BSSEP

Parametric separation of different lines of correction (the result is similar to the previous one).

SCALP

Velocity P- and S compliance.

BHTVD

The calculation of the vertical travel time of the wave.

BHWMO

The separation of waves P / S on multicomponent of VSP data. It decomposes plane-wave signals in the frequency domain to separate P and S waves. For this purpose, the vector information from the vertical (Z) and the horizontal line (HR) components is applied.

Basic libraries used for the treatment of borehole seismic data.

  1. LIBRI AZ – Library of azimuths of perpendicular waves S1 and S2 for 3 component data (attributes of azimuthal anisotropy)
  2. LIBRI SE – Library describing different types of waves.
  3. LIBRI VS – Definition of travel-time inversion in the multi-wavelength VSP.

STANDARD GRAPH of VSP PROCESSING, used by LLC “INGEOSERVICE”

  • data input and edit;
  • Input of static and dynamic corrections for the instability of the excitation source;
  • Consideration of geometrical spreading and attenuation;
  • polarization analysis and orientation of the recording;
  • split of waves by type (longitudinal – exchange – lateral) and the travel direction (falling – rising);
  • deconvolution of the shape of the incident wave so as to suppress multiple waves field and the maximum possible spreading and band-pass filtering;
  • construction of a layer velocity model of longitudinal waves based on the analysis of the first arrivals plots of all SP;
  • construction of reservoir velocity models of S- waves;
  • calculation of the vertical time-depth graph, interval and average velocities of longitudinal and S- waves;
  • Gamma calculation parameters (the ratio Vp / Vs) and Poisson’s ratio;
  • Calibration of ASL data;
  • normal moveout correction process in the selected reflected waves and the construction of the track of VSP primary reflections;
  • nalysis of amplitude and phase spectra of the surface seismic and VSP signals, identification and correction of the form of surface seismic data signal using VSP data;
  • calculation of the synthetic route according to acoustic and density logs;
  • calculation of cross correlation functions between the trace of direct reflected signal and the CDP trace, synthesized trace and the VSP trace, synthesized trace and CDP trace.
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